Neuquenraptor, meaning "Neuquén thief," is a genus of dromaeosaurid theropod dinosaurs that inhabited South America during the Late Cretaceous, specifically within the present-day Portezuelo Formation in Argentina. It stands out as one of the earliest discoveries of dromaeosaurids in the Southern Hemisphere. Estimated to be 1.8–3.5 meters (5.9–11.5 feet) in length and weighing approximately 75 kilograms (165 pounds), Neuquenraptor played a significant role in the exploration of dinosaur fossils in the region.

Originally unearthed in 1996, the holotype specimen of Neuquenraptor was informally named Araucanoraptor argentinus in 1997. However, in the same year, another dromaeosaurid genus named Unenlagia was officially described from the same formation, superseding Neuquenraptor in becoming the first officially named dromaeosaurid dinosaur in South America.

The fossils initially attributed to Araucanoraptor were formally named Neuquenraptor in 2005. Nevertheless, uncertainty looms over the future classification of Neuquenraptor. Recent speculation suggests that the fossils linked to Neuquenraptor may actually be additional remains of Unenlagia. Since Unenlagia was officially named eight years prior, there is a possibility that Neuquenraptor could be considered a junior synonym to Unenlagia.