Aeolosaurus, which translates to "Aeolus' lizard," stands as a titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period, located in present-day South America. This colossal creature, like most sauropods, is presumed to have been a herbivore, moving about on all fours and featuring the characteristic elongated neck and tail.

Notably, Aeolosaurus is a well-documented genus of titanosaur, backed by the fossilized remnants of multiple individuals, encompassing at least two distinct species. However, in keeping with the norm for titanosaurs, no cranial remains have been unearthed.

The holotype of Aeolosaurus rionegrinus comprises a sequence of seven tail vertebrae and portions of both forelimbs and the right hindlimb. These fossils were unearthed in the Angostura Colorada Formation situated in Argentina. This formation dates back to the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous, roughly 83 to 74 million years ago.

The moniker of this dinosaur is inspired by Greek mythology, specifically the character Aeolus, known as the Keeper of the Winds in Homer's Odyssey. It pays homage to the frequent and formidable winds that sweep across Patagonia, the very region where these remains were discovered. Furthermore, the generic name is infused with 'sauros,' denoting 'lizard' in Greek.

Aeolosaurus had a widespread presence among titanosaurs during the Late Cretaceous era in South America. Fossils have been recovered from various formations, including the Allen, Angostura Colorada, Lago Colhué Huapí, and Los Alamitos Formations in Argentina, as well as the Serra da Galga Formation in Brazil.

Similar to many lithostrotian titanosaurs, Aeolosaurus exhibited osteoderms. Interestingly, its osteoderms, while unique, bear a striking resemblance to those of Mendozasaurus. These osteoderms were likely arrayed in one or two rows along the creature's flanks.

Aeolosaurus was a colossal, long-necked herbivore that roamed on all fours. In recent assessments from 2020, its dimensions were estimated to be around 18.1 meters (approximately 60 feet) in length and weighing in at 14.7 tonnes (around 16.2 short tons).